Latest source-dated evidence
These values are embedded in the page so readers and search engines can see the evidence without waiting for JavaScript. The live dashboard may retrieve a newer observation; the year beside each value remains authoritative.
What the available evidence suggests
The expression-pressure measure is below the global aggregate. A recent comparable national child-labour observation is not available in the connected series. No single result should be treated as a measure of Spanish society as a whole.
The most important limitation
National values conceal regional and demographic differences. The source years range from 2021 to 2025.
Read the two safety signals separately
Spain’s 2023 homicide rate of 0.69 per 100,000 is 4.51 below the 2023 global value of 5.20 in this snapshot. Its suicide observation, 8.72, refers to 2021 and to a different cause of death. A low homicide figure does not establish that every form of preventable harm is low.
The carbon comparison needs a different check: Spain’s 5.44 tonnes per person refers to 2023, while the displayed world value of 4.73 refers to 2024. Their difference is not a same-year national gap. Retrieve the world observation for 2023 before calculating that comparison, then check whether the coverage and consumption-based definition match.
Interpretation added 13 September 2026 using the dated snapshot above and, where named, the linked country profiles. Calculations are illustrative comparisons of those published values; underlying observations have not been refreshed in this edit.
How to read this profile
- Compare values only when units and definitions match.
- Keep the observation year beside every claim.
- Treat expert-coded expression data differently from administrative death statistics.
- Read consumption-based carbon in its original physical unit, independently of the other indicators.
- Never convert missing data into zero.
Source map
| Signal | Source | Interpretation boundary |
|---|---|---|
| Suicide mortality | WHO via World Bank | Modelled population rate; reporting quality varies |
| Intentional homicide | UNODC via World Bank | Reported criminal homicide; coverage varies |
| Expression pressure | V-Dem via OWID | Expert-coded index transformed as (1 − value) × 100 |
| Child labour | ILO and UNICEF | Global and regional estimates cannot fill every country gap |
| Consumption CO₂ | Global Carbon Budget via OWID | Tonnes per person; interpreted separately |
Continue the analysis
See every formula
Review normalization, weights, aggregation and missing-data rules.
Read methodology →Why dates differ
Learn why the latest observations cannot be treated as one photograph.
Read analysis →